Onshore Storage - CCUS Terms

Description:
Onshore Storage refers to the process of storing captured carbon dioxide (CO2) in geological formations located beneath the Earth's surface on land. This method utilizes geological formations such as depleted oil and gas fields, deep saline aquifers, and unmineable coal seams to securely and permanently sequester CO2.

Explanation:
Onshore Storage is critical in the broader framework of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) because it provides a readily accessible and well-studied option for the long-term sequestration of CO2. Here’s how onshore storage integrates with the CCUS framework:

• Carbon Capture. Onshore storage complements carbon capture efforts by providing convenient and well-characterized storage sites for the sequestration of captured CO2. Once CO2 is captured from industrial sources, power plants, or directly from the atmosphere, it can be transported via pipelines to onshore storage sites. This facilitates the efficient and cost-effective management of captured CO2.
• Utilization. Onshore storage can be integrated with CO2 utilization technologies, such as enhanced oil recovery (EOR), where CO2 is injected into declining oil fields to increase oil production while simultaneously storing CO2. This creates economic incentives for onshore storage projects and supports the development of CO2-derived products and processes, enhancing the economic viability of CCUS initiatives.
• Storage. Onshore storage involves injecting captured CO2 into geological formations such as depleted oil and gas fields, deep saline aquifers, and unmineable coal seams. These formations provide stable and secure environments for the long-term sequestration of CO2. By utilizing onshore storage sites, we can leverage well-studied and accessible geological formations to achieve significant reductions in atmospheric CO2 levels.

Advantages:
Onshore storage provides readily accessible and well-characterized geological formations for CO2 sequestration, facilitating efficient and cost-effective storage solutions. It leverages existing infrastructure and technologies, reducing the need for extensive new developments. Onshore storage supports the integration of CO2 utilization technologies, creating economic opportunities and promoting the development of a circular economy. Additionally, onshore storage contributes to global climate goals by providing a viable solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change.

Challenges:
Implementing onshore storage requires careful site selection and characterization to ensure the safety and effectiveness of CO2 sequestration. Ensuring the long-term integrity of storage sites necessitates robust monitoring and verification systems. Addressing potential impacts on local communities and environments is crucial for gaining public acceptance and support. Navigating regulatory frameworks and securing permits for onshore storage projects can be complex and time-consuming. Additionally, coordinating efforts among various stakeholders, including governments, industries, and environmental organizations, is essential for the success of onshore storage initiatives.

In summary, Onshore Storage refers to the process of storing captured CO2 in geological formations located beneath the Earth's surface on land. In the context of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS), onshore storage provides a readily accessible and well-studied option for long-term CO2 sequestration. Despite challenges related to site selection, monitoring, and regulation, onshore storage is essential for advancing CCUS and achieving significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.